System Unit

RAM

Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of computer date storage. Today, it takes the form of integrated circuits that allow stored data to be accessed in any order with a worst case performance of constant time. Strictly speaking, modern types of DRAM are therefore not random access, as data is read in bursts although the name DRAM or RAM has stuck.

Cache Memory

A CPU cache is a cache used by the central processing unit of a computer to reduce the average time to access memory. The cache is a smaller, faster memory which stores copies of the data from the most frequently used main memory locations. As long as most memory accesses are cached memory locations, the average latency of memory accesses will be closer to the cache latency than to the latency of main memory.

ROM

Pronounced rahm, acronym for read-only memory, computer memory on which data has been prerecorded.  Once data has been written onto a ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read. Most personal computers contain a small amount of ROM that stores critical programs such as the program that boots the computer.  ROM are used extensively in calculators and peripheral devices such as laser printers, whose fonts are often stored in ROM. 

Flash Memory

Flash memory is a type of memory that does not lose its contents when power is removed. It is used to store information about a computer’s configuration. There are 3 types of unit that a flash drive have. There are Megabyte (MB) which has a capacity of 1 million byte, Gigabyte (GB) which has a capacity of 1 billion byte, and Terabyte (TB) which has a capacity of 1 trillion bytes.

Graphic Card

A graphic card is a display adapter which is installed inside of a computer and works to display images on the monitor. Its job is to display images on the computer's monitor. Information is then communicated from the computer's  CPU (Central Processing Unit) to the graphic card. The information that is transmitted is converted into a picture that the computer's user can understand.

Sound Card

An expansion board that enables a computer to manipulate and output sounds.Typical uses of sound cards include providing the audio component for multimedia applications such as music composition, editing video or audio, presentation, education and entertainment (games) and video projection. Many computers have sound capabilities built in, while others require additional expansion cards to provide for audio capability.

Network Interface Card

It is also known as network interface controller, network adapter, LAN adapter and it  is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network. It implemented on expansion cards that plug into a computer bus, the low cost and ubiquity of the Ethernet standard means that most newer computers have a network interface built it onto the motherboard.

Plug and Play

In computing, plug and play is a term used to describe the characteristic of a computer bus, or device specification, which facilitates the discovery of a hardware component in a system, without the need for physical device configuration, or user intervention in resolving resource conflicts.

Serial Port

Serial Port is used for a wide variety of purposes. They are often used to connect a mouse, keyboard, modem, and many other devices to the system unit. It send data one bit at a time and are very good for sending information over a long distance.

Parallel Port

A parallel port is a interface that connects an external device such as a printer. It uses the 25 pin connector and is used to connect printers,computers and other devices that need relatively high bandwidth. A parallel port is a port straight away from the main bus system in the computer.

Universal Serial Bus Port

Short for USB, a specification to establish communication between devices and a host controller (usually a personal computer), which supports data transfer rates of 12 Mbps. It have virtually replaced serial and parallel ports. They are faster, and one USB can be used to connect several devices to the system unit.

Firewire Port

This high-speed interface has become a hot new standard for connecting peripherals. A standard Firewire connection can transfer data at 400 Mbps, which is roughly 30 times faster than USB 1.1. This blazing speed allows for quick transfers of large video files, which is great for video-editing professionals. As long as your computer has PCI slots, you can purchase a PCI Firewire card to add Firewire ports to your computer.

Ethernet Port

An Ethernet port is an opening on computer network equipment that Ethernet cables plug into. These ports are alternatively called jacks or sockets. Ethernet ports accept cables with RJ-45 connectors.Most computers include one built-in Ethernet port for connecting the device to a wired network. A computer's Ethernet port is connected to its internal Ethernet network adapter.

High Definition Multimedia Interface

High Definition Multimedia Interface is a audio connection system and digital video which is used to connect a variety of audio/video (HDTV). It supports all HDTV formats and it supports for up to eight channels of digital audio.